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Cancer
56 cards·by jhalli
Cancer accounts for how many deaths
23%
What is cancer
failure of genetic control cells that grow and divide haphazardly
Characteristics of cancer
form tumors lack specialization have abnormal nuclei and are invasive
Modern ear of cancer chemotherapeutics began with knowledge
cytotoxic property of colchicine
Colchicine is what
an alkaloid derived from autumn crocus
What dose colchicine do to cells
blocks division by disrupting spindle mechanism
Taxol/Paclitaxel comes from
bark of Pacific yew tree
How does Paclitaxel work
interferes with microtubule growth and induces programmed cell death
Vinblastine/Vincristine are
alkaloids derived from the sap of Madagascar Periwinkle
What does Vinblastine do
Decreases number of white blood cells making it the first drug of choice for many types of
leukemia
How do vinca alkaloids work
they are anti-mitotic and ant microtubule agents
What do vinca alkaloids bind to
free tubulin dimers thus preventing cell from making spindle
Vinca alkaloids interfere with cells ability to
synthesize DNA and RNA
Periwinkle is also known for
anti-diabetic effects in West Indies folklore which lead to the discovery of anti-leukemia
compound Vinblastine
Camptothecin is
a naturally occurring cytotoxic alkaloid derived from Campotheca acuminate
What are two analogs of Campothecin
topotecan and irinotecan
What cancer is Topotecan used to treat
ovarian and small cell lung cancer
What cancer is Irinotecan used to treat
advanced colorectal cancer
What is the most active agent against lung cancer
irinotecan
How Camptothecin alkaloids work
Topotecan and Irinotecan are topoisomerase I (TOPO-1) inhibitors
What do TOPO-1 inhibitors do
it is a nuclear enzyme that stabilizes the supercoiled DNA during replication transcription
and repair
Camptothecin alkaloids elicit what
breakdown of DNA causing cell death
Camptotheca acuminata is a member of what family
tupelo family
Where is Camptotheca acuminata native to
China and Tiber
What is Camptotheca known as
the happy tree
What parts of the Camptotheca acuminata tree yield alkaloids
young leaves and bark
Tradtitional Chinesae medicine used bark roots and fruits of Camptotheca tree to treat
stomach colon rectum cancers
Where does Epipodophyllotoxin and deriviates come from
resin from roots of May apple or mandrake
What are synthetic derivatives of Epipodophyllotoxin
etoposide and teniposide
Etoposide and teniposide are used to treat
leukemias lymphomas and brain and bladder tumors
What inhibitor is etoposide and teniposide
TOPO-2
What is TOPO-2
a nuclear enzyme required in DNA replication and transcription
What do TOPO-2 inhibitors interefer with
the functions of the enzyme and cause cell death
May apple belongs to what family
barberry
Where is May apple native to
US found in Eastern US
What plant parts are highly toxic of the May apple
all are and used in suicidal activites
What family does Androgaphis paniculata belong to
Acanthaceae
Where was Androgaphis paniculata used is for GI tract and respiratory infections and herpes
etc
Ayurveda and TCM
What is the primary medical component of Androgaphis paniculata
Andrographolide (diterpene)
What part of the Androgaphis paniculata have the highest concentration
leaves
What protein does Androgaphis paniculata inhibit
protein p27
Where is Androgaphis paniculata native to
India Sri Lanka and Pakistan
What kind of soil does Androgaphis paniculata grow in
serpentine soil which is high in Al Cu and Zn
Turmeric is part of what family
ginger
What is responsible for turmerics yellow color
curcumin
Where is curcumin present
rhizome and roots
Curcumin is potent against
several types of cancer
What vegtables are protective against cancer
Raw vegetables Allium vegetables (garlic; onion; leek) Carrots Green vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables (cabbage; broccoli; cauliflower; must
Chemopreventive compound in turmeric
curcumin
Chemopreventive compound in berries red grapes and peanuts
resveratrol
Chemopreventive compound in soybeans
genistein
Chemopreventive compound in tomatoes
lycopene
Chemopreventive compound in cruciferous vegtables
Indole -3- carbinol
Chemopreventive compound in carrots
beta carotene
Chemopreventive compound in green tea
catechins
Recommended g/day of fruits and veggies
400-600 grams a day or 5-9 servings a day