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Chapter 7
cruju
29 cards·by johnf116
the understanding based on the US supreme court precedent, that incriminating information
must be seized according to the constitution.
Exclusionary rule
Illegal seizure of things. Should have been retried, supports the exclusionary rule.
weeks vs US
Claimed that he was searched illegally, and the evidence obtained should not have been used
against him. set a rule for reasonable suspicion
Terry vs Ohio
Police chief appointed by the mayor
Chief of police
Allows law enforcement to enter a structure without a search warrant
Exigent circumstances
Intended to prevent the issuance of warrants on the basis of false or fabricated information
Aguilar vs Texas
Case that ruled unless the suspect gives consent, or an emergency exists, an arrest warrant is
necessary to enter suspects home
Payton vs New York
Case that ruled police officers may not enter a home to conduct a warrantless search if one
resident gives permission and the other refuses.
GA vs Randolph
Deputy police commissioner for the city of New York
Ellen O' Grady
The popular name given to the first ten amendments of the US
Bill of Rights
A precedent setting court decision that produces substantial changes in understanding the
due process and day to day operations
Landmark Case
evidence seized without regards to the principles of due process as described by the bill of
rights
Illegally seized evidence
a writ issued from an appellate court for the purpose of obtaining from a lower court the record
of its proceedings in a case
Writ of certiorari
A legal principle that excludes from introduction at trial any evidence later developed as a
result of an illegal search or seizure
Fruit of the poisonous tree Doctrine
An exception to the exclusionary rule.
Good faith exception
a set of facts and circumstances that would induce a reasonably intelligent and prudent
person to believe that a person has committed crime
Probable cause
A legal term describing the visibility of objects that may be seized as evidence during a
search by police with no warrant
Plain view
A search conducted by the police without a warrant, justified on the basis of some immediate or
over riding need
Emergency Search
A search conducted by the police without a warrant, justified on the basis of some immediate or
over riding need
Emergency Search
A search warrant issued on the basis of probable cause to believe that evidence of a crime will
likely be in a certain place
Anticipatory Warrant
The act of taking an adult into physical custody by authority of law
arrest
A warrantless search conducted to ensure the safety of arresting officer
Search incident to arrest
The level of suspicion that would justify an officer in making further inquiry or in
conducting further investigation
Reasonable suspicion
Permits a officer to search a motor vehicle based on probable cause
Fleeting target exception
A legal concept that provides a basis for suspicion less searches when public safety is at
stake
Compelling interest
A search conducted without a warrant and without suspicion. Only permissible if there is a
concern for public safety.
Suspicionless search
The information gathering activity of police officers that involves direct questioning of
the suspect
Interrogation
The tactics used by police interviewers that fall short of physical abuse but that pressure
suspects to release information
Inherent coercion
Manipulative actions by police interviewers that are designed to pressure suspects to
divulge information that are based on intimidation
Psychological manipulation