Roman history terms

112-105 War in north africa where Marius gains fame

105 Loss to Germanic tribes due to lack of cooperation between consuls

Brutal war between Rome and Italians. Romans win but rights are given to Italians

83 Sulla leaves the fight against Mithridates to deal with the Marian faction in Rome

88 All Roman citizens in asia minor are killed in one night

Marian ally who rallies against Sulla but is killed in a mutiny

82 Sulla's final battle before entering Rome unopposed

List of people who could be legally killed and have their property seized

Roman general who leads a native revolt in Spain

Thracian gladiator who leads a massive slave revolt

67 Pompey is given provincial command over the entire Mediterranean coastline

63 Catalinus, an enemy of Cicero, supposedly was gathering an army to attack Rome and Cicero stops him

60/59 Unofficial agreement of support between Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar

Tribune and gang leader who has Cicero exiled. His murder sparks panic in Rome

53 Battle against the Parthians where Crassus dies and the standards are lost

Gallic leader who almost defeats Caesar

Jan 10 49 Caesar enters Italy with troops as a declaration of war

48 Caesar defeats Pompey

46 Against Gaul, Egypt, Pontus, and Africa

Dictator for life

Formal alliance between Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus

42 Octavian's victory against the assassins of Caesar

31 Octavian's victory over Antony and Cleopatra

Contains the prows of defeated ships

Augustus' tagline

27 Augustus tries to return power to the senate but is given more honours

23 Augustus is no longer consul but is given other republican powers

Eldest of the poets under Maecenas. Most famous for the Aeneid.

His poetry is more diverse and leisurely. Personal, intellectual, and philosophical.

Writes mostly about convincing a woman to sleep with him

Infamous love poet who ends up getting exiled

One of the tutors of Nero

The authority of the emperor was based on their ability to give back to the people

Ration of grain for citizens in Rome

69 Period of instability after the death of Nero where Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and finally Vespasian reign

Novus homo. Soldier's emperor

Helps end the Jewish revolt. Has a short reign as emperor

No military experience. Brutal, crazy, and paranoid. He is murdered.

66-73 A revolt in Judea due to tensions caused by Roman governorship

Massive amphitheatre built by Vespasian on land that had been part of Nero's golden house

Official law outlining the extent of imperial power. The authority of the emperor becomes law

Emperor appointed by the senate. No real military experience so he adopts Trajan.

Strong military experience. Cultivates the virtue of civilitas. Helped feed the people. Many building projects.

King of the Dacians who fought against Trajan

Commemorates the war against the Dacians

Interested in Greek learning and philosophy. Secures borders and spends most of his reign outside of Rome.

The steps taken in one's career

Setting a slave free. This was actually quite common

Massive artificial port built by Claudius and Nero. This shows the amount of trade Rome needed.

Takes over after Hadrian and has an uneventful reign

Rules jointly with Verus. They separate the empire geographically. He was a philosopher.

Rules jointly with Marcus Aurelius. Has an extremely successful campaign against the parthians.

Devastating plague in the 160s.

Son of Marcus Aurelius. He was crazy and gets killed.

First African emperor. Well liked by the army but not the senate.

Murdered his brother. Has a close relationship with the army. Not inattentive to Rome but is often away on campaign. Gets killed.

Weirdest emperor. Worshipped his god more than anything else. Gets killed.

212 Caracalla declares all free inhabitants of the Roman empire citizens

Zoroastrian people who take over after the Parthians

Formidable military ruler. Causes the Romans a lot of trouble. Captures one and gets a ransom from another.

Roman emperor kidnapped by Shapur I.

In charge of the buffer region of Palmyra she extends control into Roman territory.

He retakes the territory lost by Gallienus

Massive wall built around Rome

Little is known about him before he became emperor. He was the last anti-Christian emperor

System of four man rule instituted by Diocletian

Act to deal with rampant inflation. Ultimately unsuccessful.

Ambitious son of Constantius. First Christian emperor.

312 Constantine defeats Maxentius under the sign of Christ outside of Rome and becomes the sole ruler of the Roman world

313 Freedom of religion for Christians and the return of confiscated church property

It is built as a mirror to Rome and essentially severs Rome as the centre of the Empire

Devoutly Christian mother of Constantine

Last pagan emperor

378 The Emperor Valens is defeated by a large force of Goths endangering Roman control in the east

Emperor who defeats a pagan force and makes paganism illegal