Woody Plants Test 1

Shoot system

Family

Uppercase first letter, underlined and italicized word

Genera

Underlined and italicized word

Genus, Species, Variety, Cultivar

Plants will be identical to parent

Uppercase word and single quotes

Woody plant Cultivars

Species Diversity

Monoculture

Taxa

Hybridization

IntRAspecific Hybridization

IntERspecific Hybridization

IntERgeneric Hybridization

An 'x' in front of the specific epithet

A plant's ability to withstand low winter temperatures and still remain in acceptable condition

The average annual extreme and minimum temperatures

10 degree increments; (-10) - (-20), 0 - (-10), and 10 - 0

6b

6b

For the Extremes not the Means

Warm spells in Spring, Late Cold temperatures

The roots

The flower bud

Average annual extreme minimum temperatures

To choose taxa that are two zones hardier than the planting zone

To choose taxa that are two zones hardier than the planting zone

The origin of a plant

Flower buds will be produced the same year as flowering

Flower buds will be produced a year prior to flowering

Monoecious, Dioecious

One-house so both sexes within one plant

Two-houses

The set of choices to ID a plant

Species diversity, Year-round interest, Appreciation for intraspecific variation

The binomial naming system for a species

Has no true seed coat and is not enclosed in ovary tissue - Naked Seed

Strobili

No

Since they are mostly found in boreal or cold climates, they do not have as much surface area. This reduces snow accumulation and water loss

There is less transpiration from the stomates

It describes the amount of wax on the leaves that create a white or blue film

Reduced surface area-volume ratio, sunken stomates, waxy epidermis

Generally prefer full sun exposure

A plant that does not attain the typical mature size

Often characterized by "mature size" and unreliable

By its growth rate

During candle growth stage

Washington, D.C.'s National Arboretum

Natural aging and death occurs

Atlas Cedar - Most heat tolerant - Z6

Lebanon Cedar - Most cold tolerant - Z5

Deodar Cedar - Least cold tolerant - Z7

Difficult to transplant

2 needle/fasicle Pines - Mugo, Nigra, Thunbergii

flat 2D plane of growth

conical form of growth, spread out and top out, green foliage

Glaucous

Hardier than other species

Irregular growth and slow growing

Slow-growing, also called heldreichii, very tolerant, up to 4 year needle retention

A fungal disease - Pinus nigra, P. sylvestris, P. mugo

'Thunderhead'

Multistem disadvantage

Longleaf Pine - Used to cover 70 million acres of SE coastal plain, has a grass stage

Swiss Stone Pine - Slow-growing

Slow-growing

'Fastigiata', 'Nana', 'Pendula'

Fine texture

Zebrina' - varigated, slower growing due to less green

Bristlecone Pine - was species of most ancient tree ever discovered, but was cut down even though protected for research. Named Prometheus.

'Wates Golden' - turns bright yellow in winter

They are not suited for hot, dry, or urban environments

relatively drought tolerant for fir, circular disk where needles connect

Momi fir - Best fir for SE U.S., Zone 4-7, above 2000'

Beautiful purple color, known for cultivars with 'Horstmann Silberlocke'

Zone 3-6 (not for heat of south), Does poorly in drought

'Pendula'

Mound form, Slow-growing at 1 1/2" per year

Reputation for being tolerant to adverse conditions, Zones 2-6 (not for heat of south)

Slow growing, Dwarf conifer, Compact foliage

Spruce Spider Mite - damage occurs in the fall

When a plant reverts back to its original species

Columnar

Serbian Spruce - Narrow and Conical, Flat needles, Stomatal bands

Narrow and Conical, Short dark green glossy needles

Narrow and Conical

"to lay flat" - is a groundcover

It is the most blue of all cultivars

Very compact foliage

Slow-growing, deciduous

Requires ample moisture

Back to the bud with both genera visible on the stems

Tolerates 'part of shade'

'Glauca Pendula' and 'Green Arrow'

Dwarf cultivar, Conical, yellow foliage

Dwarf cultivar, dense growth, slow growing

"pea-bearing"

Dwarf, Conical, Soft texture, Blue foliage, Gets ugly with age unless sheared

Thread-like, layering clones

Full sun for yellow color, Fine texture

Looks like a mop

Atlantic White Cedar - Tolerates wet soils, Narrow and Conical form

Red Star - Columnar, Dwarf, Plum brown in winter

Lawson falsecypress

A Lethal Fungal disease

Only to a visible bud

Monterey Cypress - Zone 7-9, Drought and Salt tolerant, One of Leyland Cypress parents

Hardiness in Zones 7a/6b (but 5 killed in Blacksburg recently), Drought tolerant

Very popular and overused, fast-growing - used for screening, Drought and Salt tolerand

Canker disease - canker usually on the bark