Patterns of Inheritance

Mendel's laws, incomplete dominance, codominance, autosomal and sex-linked disorders, etc.

24 cards·by Estelle.Adler

mendelinheritancebiologygeneticsgenes

What is Mendel's law of segregation?

Individuals have two factors for every trait, they seperate during gamete formation, each gamete contains only one factor from each parent

What is Mendel's law of independent assortment?

Factors assort independantly of other factors, and all possible combonations can occur.

Each gene has a specific location on the chromosome called the...?

Locus

What are genes?

Sequences of nucleotides that encode a polypeptide chain.

Define an allele:

Different nucleotide sequences at the same locus on two homologous chromosomes

What is the genotype?

the description of the two alleles that are present and the condition that this combonation creates.

What is the phenotype?

The reference to the physical appearence of the organism.

An organism with the genotype SS is....

Homozygous dominant.

The geneotype Ss is called what?

Heterozygous.

The genotype ss is called what?

Homozygous recessive.

When a single trait is influenced by several genes, it is called what?

Polygenic inheritance

When a single gene may have multiple effects on the phenotype it's called what?

Pleiotropy

What thing that isn't related to inheritance influences the expression of genes?

The environment.

Sons inherit color blindness from who?

Colorblind mothers.

What causes autosomal disorders?

mutated alleles on the autosomal chromosomes

In this genetic disease, the child may be affected but not the parents. What type of genetic disease is it?

autosomal recessive disorder

This disorder isn't necessarily inherited by the children, even if the parents are affected. What kind of disorder?

autosomal dominant

Tay-Sachs is recessive or dominant?

recessive.

What does it mean to have some genes that are linked?

They are carried on the same chromosome.

Linked genes can or can't segregate during meiosis?

Can't segregate.

What is the corrolation b/w linked genes and inherited disorders?

Linked genes have a higher chance of being inherited than genes on separate chromasomes.

In an X linked disorder, sons inherit the disease from whom?

Mothers.

Daughters of a male with an x linked disorder are: unaffected, affected, 50/50, or carriers?

Carriers.

These diseases are pleiotropic:

androgen insensitivity, marfan's syndrome