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Genetics
30 cards·by Hannah Missen
traits are either...
dominant or reccessive
what percent of genes do you receive from each parent?
50% paternally 50% maternally
how many copies do you have of each trait?
2
heterzygous:
different alleles
homozygous:
same alleles
genotype is:
the letter used for the alleles eg Ff
phenotype is:
the word used to describe the trait eg Freckles
co dominance is:
when two alleles are expressed
incomplete dominance:
when two alleles form a new phenotype
sex linked traits:
found on the X or Y chromosome
autosomal traits
found on one of the other 22 chromosomes
sexual reproduction:
fusing of two gametes
transcription:
process of DNA to MRNA which makes a protein
punnett squares:
show the outcome of different crosses
mitosis:
process to make gamates
meiosis:
process to make gametes
non identical twins:
2 eggs fused with 2 sperm
identical twins:
1 egg fuses with 1 sperm then splits into 2 as a zygote
men have:
XY
women have:
XX
how many chromosomes do we have?
46, 23 pairs
fused egg and sperm becomes:
zygote
zygote grows into an:
embryo
plant gametes are:
ova and pollen
4 bases are:
Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine
3 bases code for an:
amino acid
DNA stands for:
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
how many different amino acids are there?
20
what happens if you have 47 chromosomes?
down syndrome
positive and negative of parental testing:
be prepared, may not want to know, false result