Sign in to save your progress, vote, and build your own decks.Sign in
BIOLOGY UNIT 3.
43 cards·by jo.farrant1
what is a monomer?
a single unit.
what is a polymer?
a chain of monomers.
what are the four types of monomers?
saccharides, nucleotides, fatty acids, amino acids.
do organic molecules contain carbon?
yes.
what is the group called in which water, ions and salts fall under?
inorganic molecules.
what is the cell theory?
cells arise from pre-existing cells.
what does the rough endoplasmic reticulum make?
ribosomes.
what does the smoothe endoplasmic reticulum make?
lipids.
what are the three types of junctions?
occluding, anchoring and communicating.
which organelle produces ATP in plant cells?
mitochondria.
what organelle converts mRNA into protein?
ribosomes.
what are the four components of a lipid bilayer?
cholesterol, phospholipid, proteins and carboyhdrate.
what are conjugated proteins?
attached to something else, eg. carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids.
if i had a hypertonic solution, is the solute concentration high or low?
high.
what do you call a solution that has the same concentration as the cell?
isotonic.
what is apoptosis?
programmed cell death.
what is the proteome?
the sum of all proteins made by an organism.
what's the word for the sum of all genes that an organism has?
genome.
name the three types of RNA.
mRNA, rRNA and tRNA.
what is transcription?
creating an mRNA code for protein formation.
what is translation?
using mRNA to create a polypeptide.
relating to protein structure, what does the quaternary layer consist of?
combination of two or more polypeptides, eg. heamoglobin.
name the two enzyme theories.
lock & key and induced fit.
what happens at an enzyme's active site?
where the substrate binds with the enzyme.
what is a catabolic reaction?
forming products by breaking up molecules.
what is an anabolic reaction?
forming product from small components ioning together.
what does endergonic mean?
energy requiring.
what does exergonic mean?
energy releasing.
are anabolic reactions endergonic or exergonic?
endergonic.
are catabolic reactions exergonic or endergonic?
exergonic.
what is an example of a catabolic reaction?
cellular respiration.
what is an example of an anabolic reaction?
photosynthesis.
where is the DNA housed?
in the nucleus.
where does cellular respiration occur?
in the mitochondria.
how many ATP does each glucose molecule make?
36 ATP.
what is the mitochondrion's own DNA called?
mtDNA.
glycosis, krebs cycle & electron transport chain are the three stages of what?
cellular respiration.
where does glycosis occur?
in the cytoplasm.
where does the krebs cycle occur?
in the matrix.
where does the electron transport chain occur?
in the membrane of the mitochondria.
what is the equation for cellular respiration?
glucose + oxygen + water = carbon dioxide + water + 36 ATP
what is are the inputs for glycosis?
glucose, NAD and 2 ADP.
what are the outputs for glycosis?
2 pyruvate, NADH and 2 ATP.