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DEEP BLUE OCEAN
52 cards·by DC
What percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water?
71%
What does Sonar stand for?
Sound Navigation and Ranging
How fast does sound travel in water?
About 1500 meters per second
What are the three subdivisions of the continental margin?
Continental shelf, slop and rise
What forms features on the ocean floor?
tectonic plates
Do all oceans have the same characteristics?
No
What are the flattest regions on Earth called?
abyssal plain
What are mountains on the ocean floor that can turn into a volcanic islands called??
seamount
What are mountain chains formed by magma coming through rift zones called?
Mid- Ocean Ridge
What are the deepest parts of the ocean?
ocean trenches
What are three resources avaliable from the ocean?
Fishing, farming, and fresh water
What is an example of a renewable resourse from the ocean?
Fish
What reduces fish population?
overfishing
What is kelp?
A type of seaweed
What are three advantages of tidal energy?
It is clean, inexpensive, and it is renewable.
What is non-point polution?
Non-point polution is polution that comes from many sources.
What is point-source polution?
Point-source solution is polution that comes from a specific source
What is sludge?
Sludge is the solid part of waste matter
What are streamlike movements of water called?
ocean currents
What are three factors the influence ocean currents?
Winds, Earth's rotation, and position of the continents
What are horizontal movements of water that are caused by wind and occur at or near the ocean
Surface currents
What are three factors that control surface currents?
Global winds, the Coriolis Effect, and the continental deflections
Which way do the winds blow near the equator?
East to West
How is the sun the major source of energy that powers surface currents?
Sun causes winds to form which causes surface currents to form.
What causes some wind and ocean currents to be deflected from the paths they would take?
Earth's rotation
What is the deflection of moving objects from a straight path due to Earth
The Coriolis Effect
What happens to ocean water when it becomes denser?
It sinks
What happens to the surface currents when the currents meet a continent?
The currents change direction
What is the transfer of energy as a result of the movement of matter called?
Convection
What is movement of ocean water located far below the surface called?
deep current
What is a measure of the amount of dissolved salts or solids in a liquid called?
Salinity
What are three materials transported by global ocean circulation?
Water, Oxygen, and Neutrients
What data do bouys record?
Water temperatures, air temperature, currents, and winds
What is a disturbance that transmits energy through matter or empty space?
A wave
What is the highest part of the wave called?
The crest
What is the lowest part of the wave called?
The trough
WHat is the distance between two adjacent wave crests or troughs is called?
wavelength
What is the vertical distance between the crest and the trough of a wave called?
wave hieght
How do most ocean waves form?
Energy is transferred from a source to the ocean water
What happens to water when a wave of energy moves through it?
Waves form with the energy
Why are waves different sizes?
Waves are different sizes because when wind begins to blow over water small waves form, if the
wind keeps going the waves get bigger
What is the time between the passage of two wave crests (or troughs) at a fixed point?
The wave period
What does dividing wavelength by wave period give you?
the wave speed
When waves reach the shore, what is transferrred to the beach enviroment?
energy from the wave
What are tides?
Tides are daily changes in the level of ocean water
What two forces influence the tides?
The sun and the moon
Why is the gravitational pull on liguids more noticeable than the pull on solids?
Because liquids move more easily
What are high tides?
The bulges that form in Earth's oceans as a result of the moon's pull are called high tides.
Where do low tides form?
In the areas between high tides
What is the difference between levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide called?
tidal range
What are tides that occur when the sun, Earth, and moon are aligned are called?
spring tides
What are tides that occur when the sun, Earth, and moon form a 90 degree angle called?
neap tides