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Biology
78 cards·by jagswag26
A fertilized chicken egg getting ready to hatch.
reproduction
A bean plant with new leaves forming and roots reaching down into the ground.
growth & development
A duck has special webbed feet so that it can swim in water.
adaptation
. A Patrick Henry football player sweats during “two-a-day” practices in August.
homeostasis
Smallest particle of an element
atom
Simplest chemical substances; can’t be broken down
element
. Forms H+ ions in water, pH less than 7. ex. Soda
acid
Forms OH- ions in water, pH greater than 7 ex. Detergent
base
Measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
pH scale
The first energy level can hold only
2 electrons.
The second energy level can hold only
8 electrons.
The third energy level can hold only
18 electrons.
The positively charged particle in an atom is the
protons
The negatively charged particle in an atom is the
electrons
The nucleus of an atom contains
protons & neutrons
The four elements that make up over 90% of any organism are
C, H, O, N
made up of amino acids
protein
. help transport oxygen through the blood
protein
used by the body for quick energy
carbohydrate
provides immunity
protein
type of bilayer that makes up cell membranes
lipid
contains phosphorous
nucleic acid
stores info. in your cells in the form of a code
nucleic acid
used by the body for insulation
lipid
examples are DNA and RNA
nucleic acid
muscle is made up of this
protein
used by the body for long-term energy storage
lipid
made of saccharides
carbohydrate
made of nucleotides
nucleic acid
What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide?
phosphate group, simple sugar, and nitrogen bases
Name a food with a high amount of carbohydrate.
pasta, cereal
Name a food with a high amount of protein.
chicken, peanut butter, fish
Name a food with a high amount of lipid.
butter, oil
Most compounds in the human body are called organic because they contain
carbon
Give an example of an unsaturated fat
oil
saturated fat
butter
simplest carbohydrate
monosaccharide
substance that contains carbon
organic
protein that speeds up metabolic reactions such as digestion
enzyme
contain double bonds; liquid at room temp.
unsaturated fat
. made up of 2 simple sugars bonded together
disaccharide
contain single bonds; solid at room temp.
saturated fat
molecule that is broken down after an enzyme binds with it
substrate
first called cells “cells”
Hooke
all animals are made of cells
Schwann
first person to see living cells
van Leeuwenhoek
all plants are made of cells
Schleiden
Name a prokaryotic organism
bacteria
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
1) All living things are made up of cells. 2) All cells come from pre-existing cells. 3) Cells
are the basic unit of organization
Thick outer layer of a plant cell
cell wall
Controls what enters and leaves plant and animal cells
cell membrane
Contains DNA, the genetic information
nucleus
Powerhouse; puts food energy into a form the cell can use
mitochondria
Control center of the cell
nucleus
Stores water or food
vacuole
Transports materials (no ribosomes present
smooth ER
Proteins are made here.
ribosomes
Contains green pigment; used in photosynthesis
chloroplast
Gel-like substance where chemical reactions take place
cytoplasm
Transports materials; contains ribosomes
rough ER
Collects and modifies proteins and ships them to the correct place
golgi
Ribosomes are made here
nucleolus
Area of cell between nucleus and cell membrane
cytoplasm
Which two structures would you find in a plant cell but not an animal cell?
cell wall & chloroplast
. greater concentration of water outside the cell
hypotonic
greater concentration of water inside the cell
hypertonic
equal concentration of water inside and outside the cell
isotonic
cell will shrink
hypertonic
cell remains normal
isotonic
cell will swell/burst
hypotonic
Sister chromatids move to the equator (middle) of the cell
metaphase
DNA replicates (copies itself)
interphase
Chromatin condenses, chromosomes visible
prophase
Nuclear envelope reappears
telophase
Centromeres split
anaphase
The growth phase of the cell. Normal cell activity.
interphase
Nuclear envelope disappears.
prophase
Two identical daughter cells are formed.
telophase