repro anatomy

117 cards·by bb_275

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seasonality of the ewq

short- day breeders (breed in the fall)

Length of estrous cycle in the ewe

17 days

Duration of standing estrus in ewe

36 hours

when ovulation occurs in ewe

late estrus

gestation length for ewe

147 days

number of offspring for ewe

1-3

most realiable sign of estrus

standing to be mounted

Behavior detection used for lambing calendar

marking from a ram

several ways to diagnose pregnancy in ewe

ultra sound, radiography, hormonal assays, palpations

anechoic

a structure that reflects no soundwave

isochoic

structures of the same brightness

echogenicity

the amount of brightness in a structure

Hyperchoic

reflects light and is very dense

hypochoic

absorbs light and is not dense

caruncle

mother portion of the placetome.

cotelydon

fetus portion of the placetome.

placetome

caruncle and cotelydon

length of estrous cycle in cow

21 days

Duration of standing estrus in cow

18 hours

when ovulation occurs in cow

the first day after standing estrus

how is progesterone used in estrus synchronization

used to keep a new follicular wave from happen. Does not keep the current CL from regressing

how is prostagladins used in estrus synchronization

lyses the CL

How often to check for signs of heat in AM/PM breeding?

twice a day

typical micromanipulation tools

stereo microscope, syringe control, joystick

name embyro manipulation techniques

injection of sperm, pronuclear injection, cloning,cleavage

what embyro manipulation technique yields transgenics

pronuclear injection

what are the two cells of the blastocyst?

ICM(placenta and embryo) and trophoblast(placenta)

the cells used for cloning

blastomeres and somatic cells

another name for nuclear transfer

cloning

yolk sac

derived from endoderm

chorion

derived from mesoderm and trophectoderm, outter most layer

amnion

surrounds and encloses embryo, formed from the chorion

allantois

collect liquid waste from embryo

chorionallantois

expanding allantois, fetal contribution to placenta

chorionic villi

functional units of the fetal contribution to placenta, small finger like projections that protrude

diffuse placenta

uniform distribution of chorionic villia across the surface of the chorion

what animals have diffuse placenta?

sows and mare

cotelydonary

numerous smaller points of contact from placenta

what is unique about the mare placenta?

have microcotyledons

two species that have cotyledonary placenta

cow and ewe

zonary placenta

chronoic villi in a band of tissue surrounding the fetus

difference between cow and small ruminant placenta?

cows are convexed small ruminants are concaved

two species with zonary placenta

cat and dog

discoid placenta

choronic villi in one or two distinct dics

two species that have discoid placenta

primates and rodents

6 layers seperating maternal and fetal blood

fetal endothelial cells, fetal epithelial cells, endometrial epithelial cells, maternal connective tissue, maternal endothelial cells

unique trait of the ruminant placenta

syndesmochorial and binucleate giant cells

cells that secrete gycoproteins

binucleated cells

endometrial epithelium erodes and regrows

syndesmochorial

epitheliochorial placenta

all six layers are present, least intimate

endotheliochorial placenta

complete erosion of the maternal epithelium and underlying connective tissue.

hemochorial placenta

all three layers of maternal are eroded most intimate

how many external opens do rodents have?

three

how many external openings do sharks have?

one

how many external openings do sow and rumiants have?

two

ovarian bursa

pouch like structure around the ovary formed from the mesovarium and mesosalphinx

intercornual ligament

dorsal and ventral ligament that connects the uterine horn together in cow and ewe

name the parts of the broad ligament and what is connects

mesovarium- ovary, mesometrium- ovary to uterus, mesosalphinx- ovary to oviduct

suspensory ligament

attached the ovary to the lateral body wall

proper ligament of the ovary

attaches the ovary to the uterine horn

round ligament of the uterus

folds of broad ligament that goes through the ingunal canal

what kind of parity the dogfish shark has

ovovivparious

structures of the umbilical cord

umblical vein- transport oxygenated blood, umbilical artery- transport deoxygenated blood

3 ways semen is typically collected

AV, digital manipulation and electro ejeculation

five perameters of semen evaluation

apperance, motility, concentration, morphology, viability

gross motility

observing at low power to examine swirling motion of sample

total motility

observing to see the swirling motion of an individual sperm

progressive motility

sperm that is making linear progress

non-progressive motility

sperm that is not making linear progression

non-motile

vibrate slowly or seem to float

cell concentration calculation

number of sperm x 10000xdf=cells/ml

dillution factor

total volume/ sample volume

what structures are derived from gubernaculum?

round and proper ligaments

theca externa

graafian follicle

corona radiata

graafian follicle

culumus oophorous

graafian follicle

male homolog of the theca cell

leydig cell

male homolog of the granulosa cell

serotoli cell

how are mare ovaries different

they are kidney shaped, medulla on the outside

what are the three parts of the oviduct

infundibullum, ampulla, isthmus

site of fertilizaton

ampulla

specialized names or the mucosa-submucosa

endometrium, myometrium, perietrium

what kind of uterus do rodents have?

duplex

what kind of uterus do dogs cats ruminants, sow, mare have?

bicornate

the cervix is technically apart of what organ?

uterus

what cell types are present in the mucosa of the cervix?

goblet and ciliated

what are the two regions of the vagina?

cranial and caudal

what divides the two regions of the vagina?

urethal tubercle

the caudal vagina is also called the

vestible

fornix

protrusion of cervix into vagina that forms and creates a false cervix

what surrounds the testicles and spermatic cord?

tunica vaginalis

what structure surrounds the testies

tunica albiguinea

what are the two cell types present in the seminferous tubules?

serotoli cell and germ cell

what is the epithelium of the seminferious tubules called?

stratified spermatogenic epithelium

what are the two compartmnts of the seminferous tubules

basal membrane and the luminal compartment

what type of cells are located in teh basal membrane?

immature spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes

what cells are present in the luminal compartment?

mature spermatocytes, and spermatids

what cell is located in between each seminferous tubule?

leydig cells

what part of the epididymis contain spermatazoa capable of fertilization?

tail

testicular bursa

the space between the body of the epididymis and he testes

what are the two types of penis

fibroelastic and musculocaverous

what are the two types of corpora in the penis

corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum

which corpora contains the uretha

corpus sponginosim

urethral process

extension of the glan in rams

what is the other name for the anterior pituiary?

adenohypophysis

what is the embyronic orgin of thee anterior pituitary?

oral ectoderm

3 parts of the anterior pituitary

pars distalis, pars intermedialis, pars tuberalis

what is the other name for the posterior pituitary?

neurohypophysis

what is unique about the anterior pituitary?

secretes hormones FSH and LH

what type of tissue is the anterior pituitary made of?

glandular epithleium

question

answer

question

answer

what is the embyronic origin of the posterior pit

neural ectoderm

what type of tissue is present in the posterior pit

neural tissue

what are the two parts of the posterior pitutary

pars nervosa and the infundibulum

what is unique about the posterior pituitary?

used for storage of hormones, hormones are produced in the hypothalmus

what does the infundibulum do?

connects the pars nervosa to the median eminence