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unit 6 trivia
148 cards·by ccanela
What were the effects of the sectionalism by 1860?
Split: democratic party, baptist church, methodist church, and many voluntary
associations
During the 1860 election what political party had a platform that wanted a high tariff,
homestead act, antislavery, fed money for RRs?
Election 1860 Republican platform
who was the republican candidate during the 1860 election?
Abraham Lincoln
how was lincoln portrayed during the election of 1860?
self-made man-represented the opportunities of a "free labor society" and was considered a
moderate
what political party supported popular sovereignty rather than fed. slave codes in the
territories in 1860?
democratic party
who did southern rights dem. party nominate in 1860?
john c breckenridge
who did the dem. party nominate in 1860?
stephen douglass
pre-1860 what region had political power?
south
Pre-1860 why was the south the political power?
mostly controlled presidency, majority of supreme court, majority of house and senate
speakers, represented leadership in the senate
what was breckenridge's stance on slavery?
pro-slavery
who won a substantial majority in the electoral college?
abraham lincoln
who had 40% of the popular vote, won the election in every free state, and more popular votes
than breckenridge?
Abraham Lincoln
what state was the first to seced on dec. 20, 1860?
south carolina
what states proceeded to seced in 1861?
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana
what state seceded on february 1, 1861?
texas
what was secession in reaction to?
Lincoln's election
what are fire-eaters?
southerners who wanted war were shocked
how was secession justified?
said each state was sovereign and never agreed to give it up, said revol. part of american
history-following their forefathers
who created the crittenden compromise?
john j crittenden of kentucky
what compromise promised to protect slavery in all territories south of 36 30 line?
crittenden compromise
what compromise left slavery alone in DC or any federal property?
crittenden compromise
what compromise stated that congress c/n interfere with interstate slave trade?
crittenden compromise
what compromise compensated slave owners who could not recover slaves?
crittenden compromise
what was lincoln's reaction to the crittenden comrpomise?
feared it would lead to and justify the US acquiring Cuba to spread slavery
where was the capital of the confederacy?
montgomery, alabama
how was the confederacy established?
by creating a constitution that est. the confederate states of america
who was the president of the confederacy?
jefferson davis
who was the vp of the confederacy?
alexander stephens
what was the name of the federal arsenal in south carolina?
fort sumter
fort sumter- south carolina wanted to negotiate the withdrawl of federal troops, did pres.
Buchanan allow this?
no
on jan 9, 1861 what did pres. buchanan do concerning fort sumter?
send in more troops
the garrison at fort sumter had to be resupplied or evacuated without provoking a war, what did
lincoln do?
lincoln decided to send in unarmed ships w/ supplies w/ advanced notive to the confed.
where did the civil war start?
fort sumter
during the fort sumter issue what did jefferson davis order gen. beauregard to do?
surrender the fort before the ships arrived
what happned at fort sumter?
confederates fired at fort sumter-33hrs of bombardment until Union soldiers surrendered
what was lincoln's reaction to the fort sumter issue?
called for 75,000 troops for the state militia
on may 3, 1861 what did lincln issue?
required 3 yr. volunteer time
what states later seceded?
virginia, arkansas, tennessee, and north carolina
what states were border states?
kentucky, delaware, missouri, and maryland
what states were loyal to the union?
border states
what states were all slave states?
border states
where was secession opposed?
west
in 1863 what state entered the union?
west virginia
describe the econ. of w. virginia
more closely linked to ohio and pennsylvania
what were delegates in west virginia doing?
working to create a new state
what was the population in the north?
22.5 million (300,000 slaves)
what was the population of the south?
9 million (3.7 million slaves)
how many northerners fought in the civil war?
2.1 million
how many southerners fought in the civil war?
850,000
was southern econ. effected by the enlisted men?
no, b/c of slave labor
describe the north's econ.
9/10 of US industry and shipping, 4/5 of US bank capital, 3/4 of US RR lines, 3/4 of taxable
wealth.
which region had more people attend west point military academy or mil. school in general?
south
which region had more people fight in the mexican war or served as officers in the regular army?
south
what kind of people tended to be more proficient hunting, riding, and other outdoor skills?
rural people
what region prepared for the war first?
south
what was the morale of the union?
fought for the nation, fla, and constitution
what was the morale of the confederacy?
fought for nation, flag, constitution and liberty for whites. also to defend land, homes, and
families against northern invasion
who started conscription (drafting) first?
confederacy
when did the union start conscription?
march 1863
when did the confederacy start conscription?
april 1862
what did modern war reffer to?
new forms of communication and transportation: RR's, telegraph, steamships
how did the confederacy finance the war?
taxation, loans, and paper money
how did the union finance the war?
legal tender acts=greenbacks=paper $, war bonds, taxes
why did the union create the national banking act 1863?
attempt to centralize banking and have single national bank notes
what was the goal of king cotton diplomacy?
goal- to gain england's recognitiotn of the confederacy as a nation by threatening to cut off
cotton whihc was essential to British
what was the goal of king cotton diplomacy?
goal- to gain england's recognitiotn of the confederacy as a nation by threatening to cut off
cotton whihc was essential to British
what was the purpose of the king cotton diplomacy?
gain support to break the Union blockade into Southern ports
britain did not agree to the recognition of the king cotton diplomacy unless
confederacy won the war
who were the two men who snuck onto a British mail steamer, Trent?
James mason and john sidell
what happened to the two men that Union capt. wilkes caught on the Trent?
they were arrested
after the trent affair who stirred up the war fever?
popular press in england and confederacy
how was the trent affair of oct. 1861 brought to an end?
Lincoln released the men christmas 1861-no apology- ended crisis- british ok with this
who built the first ironclad to see action?
confederacy
what were the ironclads used for?
to sink blockade ships
name two ironclads
monitor and virginia
who built the monitor?
the union
who built the virginia?
confederate
what did the 1861 battle b/w the monitor and the virginia?
it represented a new era in naval technology
what was the name of the US general virginian loyal to the union?
winfield scott
name this plan: naval blockade combined with army- navy expedition to take control of the
mississippi and seal off confederacy
anaconda plan
what was the concept of the anaconda plan?
they would in effect encircle the south and squeeze it into submission
what region was part of the confederacy?
the south
what region was part of the union?
north
what did north think about the war?
that the war would end after 1 victory, battle of bull run
how many men were sent to march to richmond, virginia?
35,000
after 25 mi. where did the 35,000 men meet the confederacy army at?
bull run
during the first battle of bull run who seemed to have won?
at first seemed a union victory but confederacy army got backup and pushed union troops back
how many fought in the first battle of bull run?
18,000
how many union casualties were there?
2,800
how many confederate casualties were there?
2,000
what was the reaction to first battle of bull run?
north congress authorized enlistment of 1 million ppl in the army
what was the problem with the union military?
military leaders did not trust lincoln
what union military leader was said to have "the slows"?
McClellan
who replaced union miliitary leader McClellan?
ulysses s. grant
description of union military leader- experienced much failure in his military career
ulysses s. grant
who was appointed leader of the confederate military in 1862?
robert e. lee
what marked a turning point for the confederate military?
appointing confederate leader robert e. lee
confederate military leader description- he was bold and willing to take risks, seemed able
to read the enemy's mind
robert e. lee
what was a popular quote during the war?
'rich man's war, but a poor man's fight"
what was the reason for the war?
debated whether it was over slavery or states rights
who did the confederacy want recognition from?
wanted recognition from Britain who abolished slavery in 1807
how did the confederacy feel about slavery and the war?
did not want to talk about it
how did the union feel about slavery and the war?
the unioon was too fragile and too much slavery talk c/ break it up even more
what did the union fight for?
fought for constitution and union
how did some northerners feel about slavery and the war?
they disagreed on ignoring the issue
what did frederick douglass say concerning slavery and the war?
"to fight against slaveholders, without fighting against slavery, is a half hearted
business..."
who enacted the confiscation act of 1861?
the union
who would benefit from the confiscation act of 1861?
the union
who would the confiscation act of 1861 hurt?
southern economy
what were slaves doing during the time of the confiscation act of 1861?
slaves were already escaping to the north which made the war a war of freedom
description of an act- authorized seizure of all property, including slaves, that was used
for confederate military purposes
confiscation act 1861
description of an act- even if owner lived in states loyal to the union, they were not getting
their slaves back
confiscation act 1861
what does the writ of habeas corpus guarantee?
guaranteed the person who is being detained knows what they are being detained/imprisoned
for and brought before the court
what was lincoln's goal when he suspended the writ of habeas corpus in 1862?
goal was to arrest rioters and antiwar activists
how many people were arrested after lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus?
approx. 20,000 arrested
after the war how many people, which were arrested when lincoln suspended the writ of habeas
corpus, were proven spies?
approx. 16,000 proven spies
battle- single bloodiest day in american history; 23,000 casualties and 12,000 killed
battle of antietam
who was victorious at the battle of antietam?
the union
effect- northern dems failed to gain control of the house
battle of antietam
effect- convinced england to withhold recog. of the confederacy
battle of antietam
effect- confederate retreat across the potomac
battle of antietam
effect- lincoln felt he could issue the emancipation proclamation
battle of antietam
when was the emancipation proclamation announced?
sept. 1862
where did the emancipation proclamation end slavery?
in areas of rebellion (states that were part of the confederacy)
when was the emancipation proclamation supposed to take effect?
jan. 1 1863
what did the emancipation proclamation do for the north army?
made the north army one of liberation
who were the copperheads made up of?
faction of the dem. party
when did the copperheads reach its peak of popularity in the winter of 1862?
copperheads
how did copperheads feel about emancipation?
they rejected emancipation
what did the copperheads say about the war?
said the war was a failure and should be abandoned
what region had this problem- food shortages
south
what region had this problem- hyperinflation
the south
what region had this problem- feeling impact of escaped slaves
the south
what region had this problem- RR's were deteriorated
the south
what region had this problem- feeling the sting of the union blockade
the south
who created the twenty negro law?
confederacy
what did the twenty negro law lead to?
led to the draft dodging and desertions
what did the twenty negro law do?
exempted one white man from draft for every 20 or more slaves
what caused the creation of the twenty negro law?
age limit for draft was raised to 45
who did the union draft in 1863?
all males 20-45
who did the union draft 1863 exempt?
exempted marry men over 35
what were bounty jumpers?
men who enlisted then deserted after they got their paycheck- then enlisted under another age
how much was the exemption from serving?
$300
where were the 1863 race riots?
north (union)
what resulted from the draft?
1863 race riots
why did irish immigrants participate in race riots?
said war would force them to fight a war to free the slaves who would then take their jobs
where did the race riots happen?
NYC
what did the irish do?
mostly demolished draft offices, lynched several blacks and destroyed large sections of the
city looting and burning