Pathophysiology chap 9

20 cards·by kayleeallen27

tumor or neoplasm means

new growth

the term cancer is reserved for

malignant tumors

benign tumors

grow slowly, well defined capsule, not invasive, well differentiated, low mitotic index, does not metastisize

malignant tumors

grow rapidly, not encapsulated, invasive, poorly differentiated, high mitotic index, can spread distantly

reversion of immature cells (cells are formed backward with large nucleus)

anaplasia

abnormal changes in size shape and organization of mature cells. (generally not reversible)

dysplasia

change on one differentiated cell type to another differentiated cells and can be reversible

metaplasia

cancer of epithelial tissues

carcinomas

ductal or glandular epithelium

adenocarcinomas

connective tissue, bone, or muscle cancer

sarcoma

lymphatics cancer

lymphomas

blood forming cell cancers

leukemias

preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or ephithelial origin that have not broken through the basement membrane or invaded the

carcinoma in situ (CIS)

grading of tumors is based on

the size, the lymph node, and whether or not it has metastisized to a distant area

substances produced by both benign and malignant cells that are found on the tumor itself or on plasma cell membranes in the blood,CSF or ur

tumor cell markers (biologic markers)

direct invasion of contigous organs

local spread

decrease of hemoglobin in the blood

anemia

decreased white blood cells

leukopenia

decreased platelet count

thromoyctopenia

preventing cancer from occuring, surgery to ease the mind

pallative surgery