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Chemistry/Biology
chemistry
52 cards·by legacy-6346003@noemail.invalid
Which of the three states has a fixed volume?
Solid
What happens when a solid is heated?
It turns into liquid.
Which of the three states changes its shape to fit the container's?
Liquid
What happens when a liquid is heated?
It turns into gas.
What does gas do to fill the shape and volume of it's container?
It expands.
Why does heat cause substances to change?
The molecules in the substance move around faster. The faster the molecules bounce, the
weaker they are held together.
What is 'Fusion'?
The melting of solid to liquid.
What is 'Vaporization'?
The boiling of liquid to gas.
What is 'Condensation'?
The state change from gas to liquid.
What is 'Sublimation'?
The state change from solid to gas.
What is 'Deposition'?
The state change from gas to solid.
What is an 'Element'?
Any material that is composed of only one type of atom.
What is a 'Compound'?
Any material that is composed of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
What is a 'Mixture'?
Any material that is composed of two or more elements that are not chemically bonded.
What is 'Chromatography'?
The separation of molecules in mixtures.
What is 'Distillation'?
The process of boiling a mixture to a point where the two elements separate (due to having
different melting points).
What are the ways to prove water purity?
Boils at 100˚, distillate it.
What charge does the nucleus have?
Positive.
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
The amount of protons.
What are 'Ions'?
Atoms with extra or missing electrons.
What are 'Isotopes'?
Atoms with extra or missing neutrons.
What does 'Flaccid' mean?
Soft, loose, and droopy.
What does 'Turgid' mean?
Swollen, big.
What does it mean when a metal is in group 1?
It has one electron in its outer shell, most reactive, and are called Alkali Metals.
What are 'Halogens'?
Elements with 7 electrons in their outer shell, so they can combine with many different
elements.
What are 'Noble Gases'?
The elements are non-reactive because their outer-shell is full.
What are 'Transition Metals'?
Metals that have more capacity to obtain more than 8 electrons at a time in their outer shells,
aftertheir third shell.
What is a 'Covalent Bond'?
A bond between atoms in a molecule that share electrons.
What is an 'Ionic Bond'?
A bond between atoms in a molecules that lose/gain electrons so that they are happy.
What are 'Giant Covalent Structure'?
Elements made with strong bonds to create more than one material.
WHat do Ionic Compounds form?
Chrystal.
What is an 'Endothermic Reaction'?
A reaction between two chemicals that absorbs energy.
What is an 'Exothermic Reaction'?
A reaction between two chemicals that releases heat.
What is a 'Combination Reaction'?
When two chemicals react to form one product.
What is a 'Decomposition Reaction'?
When a compound is broken into its original elements.
What is a 'Single Displacement Reaction'?
A reaction that is characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another
element.
What is a 'Double Displacement Reaction'?
A type of reaction where part of one reactant is replaced by part of another reactant.
What is an 'Acid'?
A substance used to neutralize Alkalis.
What are 'Cations'?
A positively charged ion.
What is a 'Metal'?
A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good
electrical and thermal conductivity.
What happens when metals react with acids?
They form hydrogen and an ionic compound where the metal is the cation
What is a 'Metal Carbonate'?
Any cation combined with carbonate.
What happens when acids react with metal carbonate?
They form a metal salt + carbon dioxide + water
What is an 'Oxide'?
A compound with oxygen combined with another element.
What is a 'Neutralization'?
A chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form a salt.
What Are 'Specialized Cells'?
Specialized cells are the cells that have been tailored for a specific purpose.
What is 'Diffusion'?
The spreading of molecules from a high concentration from a low concentration.
What is 'Osmosis'?
The spreading of molecules of a solvent to pass through a semipermeable membrane. from a
higher concentration to a lower concentration.
What are 'Enzymes'?
A catalyst that speeds up reactions in living things.
How do Enzymes affect pH?
Enzymes are affected by changes in pH. The most favorable pH value is the point where
theenzymeis most active.
What is 'pH'?
A figure that measure the amount of acidity something has
How does Temperature affect Enzymes?
As the temperature increases, the enzymes make the reaction react faster.