Earthsci

According to ____ and ____, Earth is at the center of the Universe, planets & stars are carried by crystalline spheres that rotate around E.

Devised a model to explain why planets sometimes move backward in the sky.

Small circles where planets move around accdg to Ptolemy

Terra Immobilis meaning

According to ____, Earth is motionless and has spheres of water, air, and fire.

Angle through which a star moves against bg of stars between 2 observations that are 1AU apart

Distance at which the parallax angle is 1 arc second; approximately 3.26 light-years

Larger circles through which the epicycles orbit around the Earth

Why we know Earth is round

Who estimated the size of the Earth?

Diameter of the Earth

Credited the first arguments that the Earth revolves around the Sun

Heliocentric, the Sun is the center of the Universe with other bodies still needing epicycles

Had the first measurements of planetary positions that were accurate enough to allow devt of correct theory

First modern observational astronomer

His laws describe planetary motion

Began mathematical scientific laws

Publicly supported for Copernican theory

First extensive user of telescope in astronomy

Provided the mathematical theory of gravity

Made the special and general relativity; generalization of Newton's laws

Built his own telescope, discovered 4 Jupiter's moons , sunspots, and phases of Venus

Copernicus only rediscovered the heliocentric model since Aristarchus had the first arguments about Earth revolving around the Sun. T or F

Copernicus retained unnecessary complexity by retaining the circles needed for orbiting the Sun. T or F

Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model with theory and observations. T or F

Copernicus's model is very much more accurate than Ptolemy's. T or F

At age 14, saw predicted eclipse of Ptolemy, "something divine that men could know motion of stars so accurately and foretell"

Whose inaccuracy gave Tycho a lifelong passion for accuracy and for consulting the sky as opposed to ancient authority?

Which Denmark king financed a private astronomical empire for Tycho?

Believed that the world was built on harmonius and symmetrical law

Which assistant of Tycho inherited his observations?

Who discovered the elliptical orbit?

Home of long-period comets

Home of short-period comets

Parts of a comet (4)

Menaing of asteroeidos (aster - star) (eidos - form or shape)

The cosmos

How old is the universe?

Who: the expanding universe theory, using doppler effect and spiral movement of galaxies

Who: Theory of relativity

What effect: In a vacuum, light travels at same acceleration as everything else

Who: refined relativity to fir into physics of cosmos

Who: The farther the heavenly body is to its central point, the higher is the recessional velocity

Who: The more you go back in time, the smaller the size of the universe is

Who: TBBT

Earliest proponent of heliocentricity, unseen "central fire"

Who: sphere is the shape of perfection, shape of all heavenly bodies

Who: The Big Crunch Theory, after maximum expansion, would return to concentrated original singular form

Stars that are relatively stable due to maintaining a stable nuclear reaction (Sun)

Stars in their prime of life, late phase of a star's life cycle

Betelgeuse

Stars bound to each other by gravity, appears as one star in standard observation

Star which used up most of its fuel, last stage of star's life

Protostars that failed to develop into a true star, can become a planet

Stars whose brightness fluctuate constantly

Rapidly spinning neutron star which emits radiation waves like a lighthouse

Emit radio waves that it creates luminous spectacles

Centaurus

Cores of super massive stars which causes a strong pull and sucks everything into it like a vacuum

Sometimes referred to as antimatter

Zone in which water exists in liquid form, and is neither hot nor cold

Smooth surfaces on the moon caused by lava flows

Moons of mars (2)

Known moons of Jupiter (4)

Known moons of Uranus (5)

Major known moon of Neptune