Sign in to save your progress, vote, and build your own decks.Sign in
English
228 cards·by meiselstein
Prose
Language as it is ordinarily spoken
Poetry
Manipulation of langue with respect to meaning
Fiction
Prose that is not true.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Style
Manner in which a writer uses language in prose or poetry.
Tone
Attitude of writer or narrator towards the subject.
Point of View
Angle from which a story is told. Examples are first and third person.
Alliteration
The repetition of first sounds or stressed syllables
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate sounds. Examples include hiss
Assonance
Form of a near rhyme
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Blank Verse
Unrhymed verse that consists of lines of iambic pentameter
Short Story
Prose fiction that has the same elements of a novel
Primary
Research Material Research that come's from the "horse's mouth
Secondary Research Material
Anything that is not primary research material
Role of emotions in poetry
Authors of poetry write to share express their feelings toward a topic. People read poetry to
feel what the author was feeling.
Line structure in poems
Can be any length and have any metrical pattern.
Stanza structre in poems
A stanza is a group of lines. The group denotes a relationship among the lines.
Literacy
The ability to read and write. Also
Phonological Awareness
Ability to perceive sound structures in words
Phoneme
Sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Decoding
Method or strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly
pronounce them.
Phonics
Learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters.
Fluency
Ability to read accurately and quickly. Ability to recognize words automatically and group
words for comprehension.
Affixes
Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form
of a word.
Prefix
Affix at the beginning of a word.
Suffix
Affix at the end of a word.
Context Clues
Help the reader figure out the meaning of a word.
Comprehension
Understanding what someone is trying to say
Prose
Language as it is ordinarily spoken, like in textbooks, articles, and short stories.
Poetry
Manipulation of langue with respect to meaning, meter and rhythm.
Fiction
Prose that is not true.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Style
Manner in which a writer uses language in prose or poetry.
Tone
Attitude of writer or narrator towards the subject.
Point of View
Angle from which a story is told. Examples are first and third person.
Alliteration
The repetition of first sounds or stressed syllables, like chirp, chirp.
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate sounds. Examples include hiss, buzz, burp, rattle and pop. Also refer to
words that correspond to what they describe, lik
Assonance
Form of a near rhyme, like the quiet bride cried.
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Blank Verse
Unrhymed verse that consists of lines of iambic pentameter, or five sets of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Short Story
Prose fiction that has the same elements of a novel, but can be read in one sitting. It has a
single effect.
Primary
Research Material Research that come's from the horse's mouth
Secondary Research Material
Anything that is not primary research material, or did not come from the original author.
Role of emotions in poetry
Authors of poetry write to share express their feelings toward a topic. People read poetry to
feel what the author was feeling.
Line structure in poems
Can be any length and have any metrical pattern.
Stanza structre in poems
A stanza is a group of lines. The group denotes a relationship among the lines.
Literacy
The ability to read and write. Also, ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,
communicate, computer and use printed and written m
Phonological Awareness
Ability to perceive sound structures in words, like syllables and the individual phonemes in
syllables.
Phoneme
Sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Decoding
Method or strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly
pronounce them.
Phonics
Learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters.
Fluency
Ability to read accurately and quickly. Ability to recognize words automatically and group
words for comprehension.
Affixes
Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form
of a word.
Prefix
Affix at the beginning of a word.
Suffix
Affix at the end of a word.
Context Clues
Help the reader figure out the meaning of a word.
Comprehension
Understanding what someone is trying to say, liek the author of a book.
Prose
Language as it is ordinarily spoken, like in textbooks, articles, and short stories.
Poetry
Manipulation of langue with respect to meaning, meter and rhythm.
Fiction
Prose that is not true.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Style
Manner in which a writer uses language in prose or poetry.
Tone
Attitude of writer or narrator towards the subject.
Point of View
Angle from which a story is told. Examples are first and third person.
Alliteration
The repetition of first sounds or stressed syllables, like chirp, chirp.
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate sounds. Examples include hiss, buzz, burp, rattle and pop. Also refer to
words that correspond to what they describe, lik
Assonance
Form of a near rhyme, like the quiet bride cried.
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Blank Verse
Unrhymed verse that consists of lines of iambic pentameter, or five sets of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Short Story
Prose fiction that has the same elements of a novel, but can be read in one sitting. It has a
single effect.
Primary
Research Material Research that come's from the horse's mouth
Secondary Research Material
Anything that is not primary research material, or did not come from the original author.
Role of emotions in poetry
Authors of poetry write to share express their feelings toward a topic. People read poetry to
feel what the author was feeling.
Line structure in poems
Can be any length and have any metrical pattern.
Stanza structre in poems
A stanza is a group of lines. The group denotes a relationship among the lines.
Literacy
The ability to read and write. Also, ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,
communicate, computer and use printed and written m
Phonological Awareness
Ability to perceive sound structures in words, like syllables and the individual phonemes in
syllables.
Phoneme
Sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Decoding
Method or strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly
pronounce them.
Phonics
Learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters.
Fluency
Ability to read accurately and quickly. Ability to recognize words automatically and group
words for comprehension.
Affixes
Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form
of a word.
Prefix
Affix at the beginning of a word.
Suffix
Affix at the end of a word.
Context Clues
Help the reader figure out the meaning of a word.
Comprehension
Understanding what someone is trying to say, liek the author of a book.
Prose
Language as it is ordinarily spoken, like in textbooks, articles, and short stories.
Poetry
Manipulation of langue with respect to meaning, meter and rhythm.
Fiction
Prose that is not true.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Style
Manner in which a writer uses language in prose or poetry.
Tone
Attitude of writer or narrator towards the subject.
Point of View
Angle from which a story is told. Examples are first and third person.
Alliteration
The repetition of first sounds or stressed syllables, like chirp, chirp.
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate sounds. Examples include hiss, buzz, burp, rattle and pop. Also refer to
words that correspond to what they describe, lik
Assonance
Form of a near rhyme, like the quiet bride cried.
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Blank Verse
Unrhymed verse that consists of lines of iambic pentameter, or five sets of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Short Story
Prose fiction that has the same elements of a novel, but can be read in one sitting. It has a
single effect.
Primary
Research Material Research that come's from the horse's mouth
Secondary Research Material
Anything that is not primary research material, or did not come from the original author.
Role of emotions in poetry
Authors of poetry write to share express their feelings toward a topic. People read poetry to
feel what the author was feeling.
Line structure in poems
Can be any length and have any metrical pattern.
Stanza structre in poems
A stanza is a group of lines. The group denotes a relationship among the lines.
Literacy
The ability to read and write. Also, ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,
communicate, computer and use printed and written m
Phonological Awareness
Ability to perceive sound structures in words, like syllables and the individual phonemes in
syllables.
Phoneme
Sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Decoding
Method or strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly
pronounce them.
Phonics
Learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters.
Fluency
Ability to read accurately and quickly. Ability to recognize words automatically and group
words for comprehension.
Affixes
Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form
of a word.
Prefix
Affix at the beginning of a word.
Suffix
Affix at the end of a word.
Context Clues
Help the reader figure out the meaning of a word.
Comprehension
Understanding what someone is trying to say, liek the author of a book.
Prose
Language as it is ordinarily spoken, like in textbooks, articles, and short stories.
Poetry
Manipulation of langue with respect to meaning, meter and rhythm.
Fiction
Prose that is not true.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Nonfiction
Literary work based on facts.
Style
Manner in which a writer uses language in prose or poetry.
Tone
Attitude of writer or narrator towards the subject.
Point of View
Angle from which a story is told. Examples are first and third person.
Alliteration
The repetition of first sounds or stressed syllables, like "chirp, chirp."
answer
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate sounds. Examples include hiss, buzz, burp, rattle and pop. Also refer to
words that correspond to what they describe, lik
Assonance
Form of a near rhyme, like "the quiet bride cried."
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Meter
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Blank Verse
Unrhymed verse that consists of lines of iambic pentameter, or five sets of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Short Story
Prose fiction that has the same elements of a novel, but can be read in one sitting. It has a
single effect.
Primary Research Material
Research that come's from the "horse's mouth," or the original author.
Secondary Research Material
Anything that is not primary research material, or did not come from the original author.
Role of emotions in poetry
Authors of poetry write to share express their feelings toward a topic. People read poetry to
feel what the author was feeling.
Line structure in poems
Can be any length and have any metrical pattern.
Stanza structre in poems
A stanza is a group of lines. The group denotes a relationship among the lines.
Literacy
The ability to read and write. Also, ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,
communicate, computer and use printed and written m
Phonological Awareness
Ability to perceive sound structures in words, like syllables and the individual phonemes in
syllables.
Phoneme
Sounds represented by the letters in the alphabet.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds.
Decoding
Method or strategy used to make sense of printed words and figure out how to correctly
pronounce them.
Phonics
Learning to read by learning how spoken language is represented by letters.
Fluency
Ability to read accurately and quickly. Ability to recognize words automatically and group
words for comprehension.
Affixes
Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form
of a word.
Prefix
Affix at the beginning of a word.
Suffix
Affix at the end of a word.
Context Clues
Help the reader figure out the meaning of a word.
Comprehension
Understanding what someone is trying to say, liek the author of a book.
Prior Knowledge
Information from a student's long–term memory that can be used to connect it to a new lesson.
Literal comprehension
Skills include identifying the topic sentence, main idea, important details, and using
context to define words.
Critical Comprehension
An undestanding that written material is the author's version of the subject.
Metacognition
Thinking about thinking. The skills that studens use to become independent readers. Skills
are Awareness, planning and self–monitoring and r
Simile
Comparison between two unlike things using the words "like" or "as." Examples are "O my love's
like a red, red, rose" or "as pretty as a pic
Metaphor
Direct comparison between two unlike things. Example: My soul is a dark forest.
Personification
Giving human characteristics to non–human things. Example: The hurricane howled its
frightful rage.
Synecdoche
Part of something to signify the whole. Example: boots on the ground.
Metonymy
Use of one term that is closely associated with another to mean the other. Example: crown
(refer to the monarchy).
Fairy Tale
Fictional story involving humans, magical events and usually animals.
Fable
Teachers a moral lesson.
Tall Tale
Exaggerates human abilities or describes unbelievable events as if the story were true.
Topic Sentence
States the paragraph's subject.
Cause and Effect
Causes are reasons for actions or events. Effects are the results of a cause.
Fact
Statement that can be verified through research.
Opinion
Personal views.
Inductive Reasoning
Using particulars to draw a general conclusion. Example: if every apple taken out of a barrel
is rotten, then all of the apples in the barre
Deductive Reasoning
Using general facts to come to a specific conclusion. Example: If Susan is a sophomore, and all
sophomores take geometry, than Susan must ta
Theme
Theme is the central idea of a work.
Round Characters (in a story)
Complex personalities, just like real people. More commonly found in longer works, such as
novels or full–length plays.
Flat Characters (in a story)
Display only a few personality traits usually based on stereotypes. Example: the bigoted
redneck.
Dynamic Characters (in a story)
Those that change or grow during the course of the story. They learn important lessons, fall in
love, or take new paths.
Adjective
Modifies or describes a noun.
Adverb
Modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
Gerund
Verb form used as a noun. Most end in "ing." Example: Walking is a good exercise.
Infinitive
Verbal form comprised of the word "to" followed by the root form of a verb. May be used as a noun,
adjective, adverb or absolute. Examples:
Noun
Person, place, thing, idea, or quality.
Object
Word or phrase that receives the action of a verb.
Preposition
Links a noun or pronoun to other parts of a sentence. Examples: above, by, in, out, through, and
to.
Ad Hominem (against the person)
Attacks the character or behavior of a person taking a stand on a n issue rathern than on the
issue itself. Example: That fat slob wants hig
Hasty generalizations
Condemnations of a group based on the behavior of one person or part.
Faulty Causation
Wrong cause to an event. Example: Blaming a flat tire because one lost a lucky penny.
Bandwagon Effect
If everybody is doing something, it must be good.
Coordinating Conjunction
Link words, phrases and clauses. Examples: and, or, nor, for, but, yet, and so.
Coordinating Conjunction
Link words, phrases and clauses. Examples: and, or, nor, for, but, yet, and so.
Correlative Conjunction
Paired terms used to link causes. Examples: either/or, neither/nor, if/then.
Subordinating Conjunction
Relate subordinate or dependent clauses to independent ones. Examples: although, because,
if, since, before, after, when, even though.
Prepositional Phrase
Combination of preposition and a noun or pronoune. Example: across the bridge
Pronoun
Represents a specific noun in a generic way. Examples: I, she, he, it, myself, they, these,
what, all, and anybody.
Sentence
Group of words that expresses a thought or conveys information as an independent unit of
speech.
Verb
Word or phrase in a sentence that expresses action.
Simple Sentence
Single independent clause with one subject and one predicate (verb).
Compound Sentence
Two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
Complex Sentence
Composed of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses joined by a
subordinating conjunction.
Illustrative paragraph
Paragraph or essay that explains a general statement through the use of specific examples.
Narrative paragraph
Tells a story, like a news report.
Descriptive paragraph
Writing that appeals to the five senses to describe a person, place or thing.
Process paragraph
Two kinds: how–to that gives step–by–step directions and explanation that tells how an event
occurred or how something works.
Comparison and contrast essay
Essay examines the similarities and differences between two different things.
Classification paper
Sorts information.
Cause and effect paper
Discusses the causes or reasons for an event.
Persuasive essay
Writer tries to convince the audience to agree with a certain opinion or point of view.
Definition paragraph
Describes what a word or term means.
Writing Process
Drafting, revising, editing, proofreading.
Parallelism
Subjects, objects, verbs, modifiers, phrases and clauses can be structured in sentences to
balance one with another through a similar gramma
Euphemism
Cover–up word that avoids the explicit meaning of an offensive or unpleasant term. Example:
expired instead of dead.
Hyperbole
Exaggerates for effect.
Climax
Process of building up to a dramatic highpoint through a series of phrases or sentence.
Bathos
Attempt to evoke pity, sorrow or nobility that goes overboard and becomes ridiculous.
Oxymoron
Refers to two terms that are used together for contradictory effect. Example: new classic
Irony
Difference between what is and what out to be. Example: tortoise beat the hare.
Malapropism
Confusing one word with another, similar–sounding word. Example: cliff dweller instead of
cliffhanger.
Transitional word
Used to signal a relationship.
Brainstorming
Letting thoughs make every connection to the topic possible, then spinning off ideas and
making notes of them.
Freewriting
Choosing items from the brainstorming list and writing about them nonstop for a short period.
Clustering/mapping
Writing a general word or phrase related to the topic in the middle of a paper and circling it,
then quickly jotting down related words or p
Logical order
Coherent pattern in the presentation of information, such as inductive or deductive
reasoning.
Hierarchical order
Ranking of material from most to least important or vice versa, depending on whether the
writer needs a strong start or finish.
Chronological order
Order that follows a sequence.
Order defined by genre
Pre–determined order structured according to precedent or professional guidelines, like a
resume.
Order of importance
Organization that relies on a ranking determined by priorities.
Order of interest
Dependent on the level of interest the audience has in the subject.
Run–on sentence
One that tries to connect two independent clauses without the needed conjunction or
punctuation.
Comma splice
When a comma is used to join two independent clauses without a proper conjunction.
Fragment
An incomplete sentence.