Anatomy Test 2

groups of similar cells with a common embryoligcal origin, which function together in a specialized activity

tissue specialized for covering/lining body surfaces and cavities, or it is the secretory portion of a gland

glycoprotein glue secreted by epithelial cells

collagen fibers secreted by connective tissue

very thing and permeable, highly adapted to allow diffustion/filtration

adapted mainly for secretion and some absorption, found in glands and kidneys

usually consists of 2 types of cells. one absorptive and one secretive

these cells have microvilli which are folds serving to increase absorptive surface area

secretory (mucus) found amongst the other cells. found in respitory tract, uterus, and some glands are columnar cells with cilia

type of gland that secretes into a duct, which opens onto a surface

type of gland that has no ducts, they secrete into extra cellular fluids

type of gland that secrete their products by exocytosis

part of the cell that pinches off whith the enclosed secretory product, cell then repairs itself

product keeps accumulating until the cell dies and ruptures. the cell is part of the secretion

type of tissue that has an extenisve extra cellular matrix which is non living with widely separated cells scattered throughout the matrix

the strongest and most abundant type of fiber. they consist of bundles of the protein collgen. these fibers are flexible but do not stretch

thinner branching fibers made of elastin protein. it does stretch and recoil

thin, branching collagen fibers form a net like mesh to create this fiber

immature cells actively secreting extra cellular matrix (creatingor fixing something)

immature cells actively breaking down matrix (destroying something)

mature cells, less active, just maintains the matrix

large, immune system cells which are actively pagocytic (eat things) mobile. the seek out damage and invaders

watch dogs, they detect invasion and initiate inflammation. (signal macrophages to come fix the problem)

connects muscle to bone

connect bone to bone

connect muscle to muscle

halfway between dense connective tissue and bone, has dense collagen or elastin fibers in a rubbery matrix

a fluid connective tissue, the matrix is called plasma. it has the fibers but they do not solidify until blood clots

the widely separated cells are called osteocytes. the matrix is 1/3 collagen and 2/3 mineral salts

highly cellular, and highly vascular type of tissue specialized for contraction

type of cell in neural tissue specialized to recieve a stimulus, convert it to an impulse, and conduct it on.

the cell body of a neuron contains nucleus and organelles

long cellular extension in a neuron which conducts impulses away from the perikaryon

branched cellular extension in a neuron which recieve a stimulus to convert it to an impulse and conduct it toward the perikaryon

specialized cells which support, protect, nourish or insulate the neurons

multicellular sheets having two tissue types

consist of a sheet of epithelium and its underlying connective tissue

membrane that does not contain epithelial tissues, they are layers of areolar and adipose tissue.

the skin and its derivatives such as hair, nails, and glands.

consists of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells of 4 types

cells which produce a fibrous protein keratin. most cells in the epidermis are of this type.

cells that produce the protein melanin, which is the primary cause of skin color

special macrophages

one type of touch receptors

the mitotic layer. it is one cell thick of most keratinocytes

8 to 10 rows of irregulary shaped cells which are beginning to produce keratin

3 to 4 rows of darkly staining cells full of keratin granules. the nuclei are begining to degernerate now as nourishment source gets further

2 to 3 rows of clearish cells only in the palms and pedal surfaces

25 or more rows of shingle like cell remnants filled with keratin. this is the waterproof outermost layer

the thicker connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis. it contains both elastin and collagen fibers

composed of aerolar and adipose which anchor skin to underlying tissues while still allowing some sliding

a yellowish pigment which collects in stratum corneum and in adipose

oxygen carrying pigment in blood, gives skin its pinknes

ranges in color from orange to brown to dark brown. it is produced by melanocytes in the stratum basale

the visible portion of hair, consists of 3 layers of dead cells forming keratin shingles

below surface portion in hair, extends atleast into dermis. has the same 3 layers of dead cells

smooth muscle attached to follicle and anchored in dermis. it contracts and pulls hair up/out form skin in response to cold and fright

epidermal modifications with very little remaining function. nails are very keratinized dead cells, produced by the stratum basale

exocrine glands usually found in association with a hair follicle. they secrete by the holocrine method

the secretion from a sebaceous gland, it is a mixture of cholesterol fats and cell fragments

a mixture of water, salts and organ waste. it functions to eliminate waste and to regulate body temperature

small coiled tubular glands which function merocrinally. found everywhere except lips nipples and genitals

large coiled tubes which open into pubic hair follicles. do not begin functioning until puberty\

modified sudoriferous glands found in external auditory meatus (ear canal)

cells will migrate and divide unless they are in contact with other cells of the same tissue type

replacement of destroyed tissue with the same kind of tissue

proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, as a repair

an abnormal joining of tissues by fibrosis

damages superifical strata, little or no scarring

some dermal damage, blisters, pain and mild scarring

integumentary system destroyed. little or no pain, dry charred appearance, extensive scarring, slow healing

an excessive growth due to uncontrolled cell division

usually harmless tumor because the cells are unlikely to spread to other parts of the body they stay clumped

migration of cancer cells to other parts of the body, produces secondary/multiple tuors

a tumor that is likely to metastasize

a chemical substance used by the body to provide energy, or to promote growth maintenance repair or aid in body processes

the sum of all chemical reactions occuring within an organism

synthesis, build up reaction which consumes energy

the energy required to start a reaction going, an energy barrier which molecules must be raised over in order to start reacting

a biological catalyst

membrane next to an organ