psych exam 3

what are concepts?

What is cognitive psychology?

what is a "prototype"

what is a "prototype"

two ways in which we solve problems?

Evaluating all possible solutions until you find the right one is

*( )* reduce the load on memory and enhance our ability to communicate and make predictions of our world

the mental processes involved in acquiring, storing, retrieving, and using knowledge

what are the two types of cognition concepts?

type of concept that is clearly defined by a set of rules, a formal definition or a class system

type of concept that is acquired from our everyday experience (more common!) not clear-cut, though.

two strategies to decision making

Two types of Heuristics

5 factors that influence human learning and memory

5 techniques for improving memory

example of an acronym:

memories must be "set" or "consolidated" to be stored in LTM

memories that are interfered with before consolidation =

when we use the _______ _______, we determine whether an event, an object, or a person resembles a prototype

Ex: Ted is very quiet and follows the rules. Is he an accountant or a writer? (Answering this question is an example of using the ____ ___)

the _______ _______ involves making judgments of the frequency of events based on how easily examples of the event come to mind.

Ex: Are there more words with "r" as the first letter than as the third? By choosing the first letter, you are wrong. This is an example of

When making decisions, we are also influenced by whether our attention is drawn to positive or negative outcomes; this is an issue of ____

_____ is the ability to produce work that is both novel and appropriate

a ____ is an example that brings together the most common properties of a concept

a ____ is an example that brings together the most common properties of a concept

______'s are used when thinking o a natural concept

"If there is no absolute standard for creativity, how can we judge whether a work is creative?

decision making strategy that includes making a list of all the factors that need to be considered to arrive at a decision

"when choosing a college to attend, you weigh your options." is an example of which decision making strategy??

A decision making strategy that is also called "a non-compensatory strategy"

what are the building blocks of language? (Unique sounds that can be joined to create words)

The smallest unit of language that has meaning

the word constructed has 3 ____'s: con-struct-ed

when we learn to organize words into phrases and sentenses, we are acquiring what is called _____

the difference between one's chronological age v.s. one's mental age

who created the first Intelligence test and when?

what was the first intelligence test renamed?

What is the equation for the intell test?

who created the theory of multiple intelligence?

what are the "Seven Different Forms of Intelligence?"

"There are two types of intelligence: 1. g for general and 2. s for specific abilities

who created the "Triarchic Theory of Intelligence"

Sternberg's three theories of intelligence are:

David Weschler developed

What is the Wais-IV test?

What are the requirements of a "Good Test"

The "Bell Curve" is a way to show a ____ of intelligence

A gifted person has an IQ of

Mentally "Retarded" people have an IQ of

who pioneered the systematic study of memory in the late 1800s and early 1900's?

who pioneered the systematic study of memory in the late 1800s and early 1900's?

Herman Ebbinghaus's focus of research was on

Herman Ebbinghaus's focus of research was on ______ ______'s

_____ _____ are usually composed of three letters arranged in a constant-vowel-constantsequence

Ebbinghaus's method for measuring memory of lists of nonsense syllables was called ____ learning

serial learning is when you are given a set of items to remember and are asked to reproduce the sequence in the ____ order it was given

____ recall is when you are asked to remember a set of items regardless of the order

The "____ effect" is when you remember terms from the beginning of a list

recalling items near the END of a list is called the "____ effect"

in ____-_____ learning, you associate an unfamiliar word or nonsense syllable with a familiar word

The ____ _____ effect explains that items at the beg. and end of a list tend to be remembered more easily than in the middle

Ebbinghaus's research found that memory for learned material is best RIGHT AFTER the learning session= ____ of _____

Like a computer, researchers have characterized human memory in three stages:

what are the three stages of memory?

_____ _____ proposed that we can hold approx. 7 items (plus or minus) in STM at any one time

George Miller demonstrated with the Principle of ____ or ___ is that STM is 7+/- 2 items may consist of chunks

proactive ______'s occur when old info hinders our memory of new info i.e. when you move to a new house and cant remember new address

info that was learned AFTER the material we want to remember = _____ interference

50 first dates (only remembering things BEFORE an accident)

material learned in a particular physiological state is recalled best in the same physiological state =

Loci is the latin word for

using a set of familiar locations to remember items in order= method of

remembering parts of the brain by remembering titles on the Katy Perry cd

an acronym is a word formed by the initial letters of the items to be remmebered : (example?)

by producing a sentence where the first letter of each word is the one of the letters in a list

______ hypothesis predicts that memories that are interfered with before they have been consolidated will not be stored