study guide

24 cards·by Alaynab624

What kind of redox reactions are there?

oxidation and reduction

Redox reactions always happen in pairs. T or F?

True

In redox reactions, If one chemical is getting reduced another is getting..

oxidized

Electrons move from the molecule with the ___affinity to the molecule of _ Affinity. This is referred to as electrical potential.

Lower, higher

The loss of electrons is called

oxidation

The gain of electrons is called..

Reduction

ATP can be made how many ways?

3 different ways

What ways can ATP be made?

substrate level phosphorylation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation

What does substrate level phosphorylation do?

Transfers a phosphate from a substrate

What does Oxidative Phosphorylation do?

Electrons are transported down electron transport system to provide the proton (H) gradient to keep ATP synthase making ATP

What does Photophosphorylation do?

Energy from the sun drives electron transport down an electron transport chain, first step of photosynthesis

Phosphorylation

Adds a phosphate

Dephosphorylation

pulling off a phosphate

Where does energy come from on the ATP structure?

the big phosphate groups and their neg charges that are repulsed by each other

What does the adenosine monophosphate consist of?

Nucleotide-adenine N base + ribose +phosphate

What does the ATP Structure consist of

Adenosine phonsphate and the 2 high energy phosphates hanging on end

Glucose is split into 2 3-carbon compounds (pyruvate or pyruvic acid) to get ready for the other events, yields 2 ATP and 2 NADH

Glycolysis

Tears a carbon off each of the two pyruvates and releases tehm as CO2 to the atmosphere, produces 2 NADH and two CO2

Hub/Transition reactions

Tears off remaining 4 carbons & releases them as CO2, produces 6 NADH and 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP and 4 CO2. Now all the Carbon is done.

Krebs cycle

Electrons & Hydrogens are carried by NADH and FADH2 are brought to this place

Electrons transport chain

Proteins of greater pull on electrons grab grab NADH and FADH and pass them down this chain

Electron transport chain

Piled up Hydrogen is let back into the cell via ..in pairs of protons

ATP Synthase

What turns the molecular motor

When the piled up hydrogen is let back into the cell using ATP Synthase in pairs of protons

Electron Transport Chain makes..and gets rid of

Water, Hydrogen