Equine Repro

Hormones, cycles, etc

32 cards·by beckfield14

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What are the 2 chemical classifications of hormones?

Peptides/proteins and Steroids

What are the 2 functional classifications of hormones?

Primary and Secondary

What are the 3 primary hormones from the anterior pituitary, what is their function, andtarget site?

FSH-follicular growth-ovaries; LH-causes ovulation-ovaries;Prolactin-mammary gland-udder

What is the primary hormone from the posterior pituitary and what is its function and target site?

Oxytocin-stimulate smooth muscle contractions-uterus

What is the hypophyseal portal system and what does it connect?

System of capillaries and nerve endings that connect hypothalamus and pituitary gland

What are the 2 major steroids of the mare's gonads?

Estrogen and Progesterone

What are the 5 fx of estrogen?

secondary mating behavior, relax labia, duct development in mammary, mare more feminine, tell hypothalamus to keep releasing GnRH

What are the 4 fx of progesterone?

inhibit sexual behavior, maintain pregnancy, inhibit uterine contractions, - feedback on hypothalamus

How long does esturs, diestrus, estrous, and anestrous last?

5-7 days; 14-17 days; 21-22 days; 3 months

What steroid hormone is high during estrus? During diestrus?

Estrogen; Progesterone

When is estrogen highest during the estrous cycle?

right before ovulation

When does ovulation occur in the estrous cycle?

last 24-48 hours

Explain why a mare does not display signs of estrus for 14-17 days of the estrous cycle.

The mare is in diestrus; the mare's body isn't producing hormones that make her receptive to stallion

When is a CL formed and what does it produce?

When CH is lutenized; progesterone

Define estrous

cycle of one heat to the next

Define estrus

standing heat

Define diestrus

phase when a mare shows sexual rejection to stallion

Define anestrous

when mare is not cycling

How many hours of light is required to bring a mare out of anestrous?

14-16 hours;60-90 days

In the mare, if estrogen is low, then what steroid hormone is high?

Progesterone

Prostaglandin is released from, principle fx, and target site

Uterus; lice CL-make mare cycle-ovary

LH is released from, principle fx, and target site

Ant. Pit.; causes ovulation; ovary

GnRH is released from, principle fx, target site

Hypothalamus; stimulate release of FSH & LH; Ant. Pit.

FSH is released from, principle fx, target site

Ant. Pit.; follicular growth; ovary

Relaxin is released from, principle fx, target site

Placenta; relaxes cervix, widens pelvis; cervix

Estrogen is released from, principle fx, target site

Graafian follicle; makes mare receptive to stallion; ?? labia, mammary gland

Inhibin is released from, principle fx, target site

Granulosa cells; suppress release of FSH; Ant. Pit.

Progesterone is released from, principle fx, target site

CL; maintain pregnancy; hypothalamus

Oxytocin is released from, principle fx, target site

Post. Pit.; stimulate smooth muscle contractions; uterus

PMSG is released from, principle fx, target site

Urine; check if mare is pregnant

Melatonin is released from, principle fx, target site

Pineal gland; inhibit release of GnRH; hypothalamus

Prolactin is released from, principle fx, target site

Ant. Pit.; mammary gland; udder