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Bio test 4
45 cards·by asfields
Which best expresses the concept of natural selection?
Differential reproductive success based on inherited characteristics
Which is not an adaptation?
mutation
Which contradicts Darwin's idea of natural selection?
whether an organism survives or reporduces is a random chance
Regarding evolution, which is false?
natural selection can amplify or deminish only nonheritable traits
a population is...
a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time
Microevolution occurs when
populations alleles frequencies change over a span of generations
Ultimate source of all new alleles is
mutation
which of these produces adaptive changes in population?
natural selection
In an elk herd, males have distributed antlers, some are much bigger or smaller, but the
average stays constant. Why?
Stabalizing selection
New plant; flowers adapt to air pollution and have a higher acid tollerance. Example of a
response to...
directional selection
a physiologist is a biology who studies
function of body parts
example of a tissue
cardiac muscle
which has a shape most like a squamous cell
fried egg
which of these is connective?
adiposte tissue
the mian function of muscle tissue
function and movement
what is homeostasis?
the maintance of a constant internal state
Homeostasis depends on
negative feedback control
polysacarides are broken down into
monosacarades
Genetic recombination is
production of new genes by crossing over
Nondisjunction occurs when...
chromosomes don't separate properly
Deletion
loss of a chromosome segment
Duplication
repeat of a chromosome segment
Inversion
reversal of a chromosome segment
Translocation
attachment of a segment to a nonhomologous chromosme
Mendel did his expirements on...
peas
F2 Phenotypic ratio
3:1
f2 Genotypic ratio
1:2:1
dihybrid cross yields a ______ ratio
9:3:3:1
Law of independent assortment
Each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other pairs of alleles during gamete
formation
Incomplete dominance
neither allele is expressed over the other
Multiple alleles
more than two alleles is found in a population
Codominance
neither allele is dominant over the other (spotted)
Pleitropy
One gene influencing many characteristics
Polygenic inheritance
Many genes influence one trait
The environment influences
phenotypic variations
Law of independent assortment
Each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other pairs of alleles during gamete
formation
Law of segregation:
Allele pairs separate (segregate) from each other during the production of gametes so that a
sperm or egg carries only one allele for each g
Linked genes
Are located close together on the same chromosome
recombination frequency
frequency in which two genes are linked
Darwin observed
Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support
Natural selection
If individuals differ in their survival and reproductive success, natural selection will
alter allele frequencies
Genetic drift
change in the gene pool of a population due to chance
Genetic drift
The bottleneck effect leads to a loss of genetic diversity when a population is greatly
reduced
Disruptive selection
favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range
Negative feedback
mechanisms permit only small fluctuations around set points