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General Chemistry 1
Test #1 Study Notes
99 cards·by legacy-19773023@noemail.invalid
H
Hydrogen
He
Helium
Li
Lithium
Be
Beryllium
B
Boron
C
Carbon
N
Nitrogen
O
Oxygen
F
Fluoride
Ne
Neon
Na
Sodium
Mg
Magnesium
Al
Aluminum
Si
Silicon
P
Phosphorus
S
Sulfur
Cl
Chlorine
Ar
Argon
K
Potassium
Ca
Calcium
Sc
Scandium
Ti
Titanium
V
Vanadium
Cr
Chromium
Mn
Manganese
Fe
Iron
Co
Cobalt
Ni
Nickel
Cu
Copper
Zn
Zinc
Ge
Germanium
Ga
Gallium
As
Arsenic
Se
Selenium
Br
Bromine
Kr
Krypton
What is the symbol for protons?
p+
What is the symbol for neutrons?
n
What is the symbol for electrons?
e-
What is the relative mass and relative charge for neutrons?
1,0
What is the relative mass and relative charge for protons?
1, 1+
What is the relative mass and relative charge for electrons?
0.000545, 1-
Where is protons located in the atom?
inside the nucleus, center of the atom
Where is neutrons located in the atom?
inside the nucleus, center of the atom
Where is electrons located in the atom?
outside the nucleus; dispersed around the nucleus
What is atomic number?
each element has a characteristic number of protons in the nucleus
What is mass number?
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
What is atomic notation?
to display the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
What is isotopes?
atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons in the nucleus
What are atomic mass?
as the weighted average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element
Nonmetal elements
H, B, C, N, O, F, Si, P, S, Cl, As, Br
Noble Gas elements
He, Ne, Ar, Kr
Three things on modern periodic table
metals, nonmetals, noble gases
What is covalent bond?
a molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together in a definite spatial arrangement by
forces
What is molecular formula?
the actual number of each kind of atom in a molecule
What is molecular formula?
the actual number of each kind of atom in a molecule
What is an example of molecular formula?
H2O, NH3
What is empirical formula?
gives the smallest integral ratio of atoms o elements in a compound
What is an example of empirical formula?
CH3COOH- C2H4O2
What is structural formula?
shows how atoms are attached to one another
What is binary molecular compound?
formed by the combination of two elements, usually nonmetals
What is the numeric prefix for 2?
di
What is the numeric prefix for 5?
penta
What is the numeric prefix for 1?
mono
What is the numeric prefix for 6?
hexa
What is the numeric prefix for 10?
deca
What is the numeric prefix for 3?
tri
What is the numeric prefix for 7?
hepta
What is the numeric prefix for 4?
tetra
What is the numeric prefix for 8?
octa
What is the numeric prefix for 9?
nona
NH3
ammonia
BrCl3
bromine trichloride
tetraphosphorous decoxide
P4O10
Cations
have positive charge from loss of electrons
anions
have negative charge from gain of electrons
Binary ionic compound
contains two elements, a metal and a nonmetal
What is an example of binary ionic compound?
NaCl, Li2S
MgS
magnesium sulfide
AlCl3
aluminum chloride
1+ charge
Li, Na, K, Cu, Ag, Au
2+ charge
Mg, Ca, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Ti
3+ charge
Sc, Al, Au
3- charge
N, P
2- charge
O, S, Se
1- charge
F, Cl, Br
Magnesium Oxide
Mg2O2- MgO
Lithium and Nitrogen
Li3N
Sodium and Bromine
NaBr
Calcium and fluorine
CaF2
Aluminum and Oxygen
Al2O3
What is polyatomic ions?
a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
Ammonium ion formula and typical compound
NH4+ , NH4Cl
Carbonate ion formula and typical compound
CO32- , Li2CO3
Cyanide ion formula and typical compound
CN-, KCN
Hydroxide ion formula and typical compound
OH- , NaOH
Nitrate ion formula and typical compound
NO3- , NaNO3
Phosphate ion formula and typical compound
PO43- , Na3PO4
Sulfate ion formula and typical compound
SO42- , Na2SO4