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Unit Three

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the buying side of a market
demand
the selling side of a market
supply
what exists when people come together to buy and selll
market
refers to the quantity of a good that buyers are willing to buy at a specific price
quantity demanded
when the price of a good or service goes up, quantity demanded for that good or service goes down
Law of demand
a change in the price of a complement or substitute, a change in popularity, or an expected future change in price may cause this to occur
shift in demand curve
goods that serve the same purpose and compete for the same buyers
substitute good
two items frequently bought and used together
complementary goods
shows how much demand changes when price changes
elasticity of demand
quantity demanded changes more than price
elastic
quantity demanded changes less than price
inelastic
change in quantity demanded proportionate to change in price
unit elastic
as price of good increases, quantity supplied increases
law of supply
a change in resource prices, taxes, or technology may cause this to occur
supply shift
condition when quantity supplied equals quantity demanded
equilibrium
occurs when quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded
surplus
occurs when quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied
shortage
maximum price set below equlibrium
price ceiling
maximum price set above equilibrium
price floor
when maximum price is set below equilibrium, leads to
shortage
when maximum price set above equilibrium, leads to
surplus