Microbio Exam 1

29 cards·by cocostudies

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What is an obligate aerobe?

organisms that require oxygen

What is a facultative anaerobe?

aerobic bacteria that have developed or retained the ability to continue growing in the absence of bacteria

What is obligate anaerobe?

bacteria that are unable to use molecular oxygen for energy-yielding reactions

What is an aerotolerant anaerobe?

cannot use oxygen for growth, but they tolerate it fairly well

What is a microaerophile?

bacteria that is aerobic; they do require oxygen. However, they grow only is oxygen concentrations lower than those in air.

What is a primary structure?

polypeptide strand (amino acid sequence)

What is a secondary structure?

helix and pleated sheets folded into a 3D shape

What is a tertiary structure?

helix and pleated sheets folded into a 3D shape

What is a quaternary structure?

relationship of several folded polypeptide chains, forming a protein

Name each stage of the bacteria

lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, and death phase

Size of the cell in prokaryote?

0.2-2.0 um in diameter

Size of the cell in a eukaryote?

10-100 um in diameter

Nucleus in prokaryote?

no nuclear membrane/nucleoli (except Gemmata)

Nucleus in eukaryote?

true nucleus, consists of nuclear membrane and nucleoli

Ribosomes in prokaryote?

Smaller size (70S)

Ribosomes in eukaryote?

Larger size (80S)

Plasma membrane (composition) in prokaryote?

carbohydrates and generally lacks sterols

Plasma membrane (composition) in eukaryote?

sterols and carbohydrates that serve as receptors

Cell division in prokaryote?

binary fission

Cell division in eukaryote?

mitosis

Sexual recombination in prokaryote?

none; transfer of DNA only

Sexual recombination in eukaryote?

meosis

Assume E. coli are grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope 16N. After a 48-hour period, 16N would be found in..?

proteins

If E. coli were grown in a medium containing 32P, 32P would NOT be found in...?

carbohydrates

What happens when gram-positive bacterium is placed in distilled water and penicillin?

Cells will undergo osmotic lysis

What happens when gram-negative bacterium is placed in distilled water and penicillin?

water will move into the cell

What happens when gram positive bacterium is placed in an aqueous solution of lysozyme and distilled water?

they usually have a single, circular chromosome

What is NOT true about facilitated diffusion?

it requires ATP

An organism that has peroxidase and superoxide dismututase but lacks catalase is most likely a what?

an aerotolerant anaerobe